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This open access book provides a cross-sectoral, multi-scale assessment of marine litter in Africa with a focus on plastics. From distribution, to impacts on environmental and human health, this book looks at what is known scientifically. It includes a policy analysis of the instruments that currently exist, and what is needed to help Africa tackle marine litter—including local and transboundary sources. Across 5 chapters, experts from Africa and beyond have put together a summary of the scientific knowledge currently known about marine litter in Africa. The context of the African continent and future projections form a backdrop on which the scientific knowledge is built. This scientific knowledge incorporates quantities, distributions, and pathways of litter into the marine environment, highlighting where the impacts of marine litter are most felt in Africa. These impacts have widespread effects, with ecological, social, economic, and human health repercussions. While containing detailed scientific information, this book provides a sound knowledge base for policymakers, NGOs and the broader public.

Chapter 1. Introduction to Marine Litter in Africa -- Chapter 2. Marine litter sources and distribution pathways -- Chapter 3. Impacts and Threats of Marine Litter to Africa Chapter -- Chapter 4. Legal and Policy Frameworks to address marine litter through improved livelihoods -- Chapter 5. The way forward, building upon-the-ground innovation.

A study of Hong Kong marine litter pollution problem has been carried out because the marine environment and ecosystem are in danger. Hong Kong is a very unique place – a dense and highly populated city with a long coastal line. As such the marine litter pollution problem, that in Hong Kong has been getting worse in recent years has a significant impact on the marine ecosystem, to human society and environment. The objectives of the study are: i. To understand the current marine litter problem in Hong Kong ii. To explore the source of marine litter of Hong Kong iii. To investigate the impact of marine litter pollution to the environment and importance of beach cleanups iv. To understand the purpose of marine litter survey v. To understand the process and difficulties of conducting beach cleanups and marine litter survey vi. To explore the ways to increase the accuracy in conducting marine litter survey Data has been obtained from libraries' literatures, reports from governments departments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and face-to-face interviews with the officers of NGOs. ; published_or_final_version ; Applied Geosciences ; Master ; Master of Science

Marine litter places significant burden on beaches, marine surface, marine bottom and biota of the Adriatic Sea. It results mainly from inappropriate waste management on land. The paper analyses quantities and composition of marine litter and its sources, the threat of plastics, the approach to circular economy and waste management in Croatia and presents proposals for circular flow of materials with minimum leakage into the ecosystems and novel approach to marine litter issue. The solution of marine litter problem is in waste management involving source separation, numerous local sorting facilities, home composting, municipal composting and biogas production, with minimum resources left for disposal as well as implementing the policies to reduce and modify packaging, the materials used therefor and to avoid one-use and disposable plastic materials, that implying a change of habits, intervention in supply chain and increasing domestic supply.